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CEH scanning methodology is the important step i.e. scanning for open ports over a network. Port is the technique used to scan for open ports. This methodology performed for the observation of the open and close ports running on the targeted machine. Port scanning gathered a valuable information about the host and the weakness of the system more than ping sweep.

Network Mapping (NMAP)

Basically NMAP stands for Network Mapping. A free open source tool used for scanning ports, service detection, operating system detection and IP address detection of the targeted machine. Moreover, it performs a quick and efficient scanning a large number of machines in a single session to gathered information about ports and system connected to the network. It can be used over UNIX, LINUX and Windows.

There are some terminologies which we should understand directly whenever we heard like Open ports, Filtered ports and Unfiltered ports.

Open Ports means the target machine accepts incoming request on that port cause these ports are used to accept packets due to the configuration of TCP and UDP.

Filtered ports means the ports are usually opened but due to firewall or network filtering the nmap doesn't detect the open ports.

Unfiltered means the nmap is unable to determine whether the port is open or filtered while the port is accessible.

Types Of NMAP Scan

Scan Type	Description
Null Scan	This scan is performed by both an ethical hackers and black hat hackers. This scan is used to identify the TCP port whether it is open or closed. Moreover, it only works over UNIX based systems.
TCP connect	The attacker makes a full TCP connection to the target system. There's an opportunity to connect the specifically port which you want to connect with. SYN/ACK signal observed for open ports while RST/ACK signal observed for closed ports.
ACK scan	Discovering the state of firewall with the help ACK scan whether it is stateful or stateless. This scan is typically used for the detection of filtered ports if ports are filtered. Moreover, it only works over the UNIX based systems.
Windows scan	This type of scan is similar to the ACK scan but there is ability to detect an open ports as well filtered ports.
SYN stealth scan	This malicious attack is mostly performed by attacker to detect the communication ports without making full connection to the network. This is also known as half-open scanning.

All NMAP Commands

Commands	Scan Performed
-sT	TCP connect scan
-sS	SYN scan
-sF	FIN scan
-sX	XMAS tree scan
-sN	Null scan
-sP	Ping scan
-sU	UDP scan
-sO	Protocol scan
-sA	ACK scan
-sW	Window scan
-sR	RPC scan
-sL	List/DNS scan
-sI	Idle scan
-Po	Don't ping
-PT	TCP ping
-PS	SYN ping
-PI	ICMP ping
-PB	ICMP and TCP ping
-PB	ICMP timestamp
-PM	ICMP netmask
-oN	Normal output
-oX	XML output
-oG	Greppable output
-oA	All output
-T Paranoid	Serial scan; 300 sec between scans
-T Sneaky	Serial scan; 15 sec between scans
-T Polite	Serial scan; .4 sec between scans
-T Normal	Parallel scan
-T Aggressive	Parallel scan, 300 sec timeout, and 1.25 sec/probe
-T Insane	Parallel scan, 75 sec timeout, and .3 sec/probe

How to Scan

You can perform nmap scanning over the windows command prompt followed by the syntax below. For example, If you wanna scan the host with the IP address 192.168.2.1 using a TCP connect scan type, enter this command:

nmap 192.168.2.1 –sT

nmap -sT 192.168.2.1

Related links

How it works?
* Kali Linux with XFCE Desktop Environment in Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)
* VcXsrv X Server for Windows is doing the hard GUI lifting
* XFCE is started natively in WSL and displayed by VcXsrv

Install Voodoo-Kali:
1, Enable WSL and install Kali Linux from the Microsoft Store. Read Install Kali Linux desktop on Windows 10 from Microsoft Store

2, To start Kali Linux in Windows 10, open Command Prompt and enter the command: kali

3, Enter this commands:
  apt install wget -y
  wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Re4son/WSL-Kali-X/master/install-WSL-Kali-X
  bash ./install-WSL-Kali-X

4, Download and install VcXsrv Windows X Server from SourceForge

5, Start VcXsrv, accept change in firewall rules, exit VcXsrv

Run Voodoo-Kali:
Start kali in Windows as normal user (that's default), and launch Voodoo-Kali:
* as normal user: ./start-xfce
* as root: sudo /root/xtart-xfce

Run Kali Desktop in an RDP session:
In Kali Linux WSL, type: sudo /etc/init.d/xrdp start
In Windows 10, open Run and enter mstsc.exe and connect to "127.0.0.1:3390"

Status: Voodoo-Kali is in its infancy and it is far from being elegant. I'm working on it though and step by step I'll push out improvements. Below a snippet of the To-Do list:
* Clean up and comment the scripts
* Make for a cleaner exit
* Better error handling and dependency checking (get rid of sleep, etc.)
* Improve stability of Java programs
* Improve the looks??
* …

Any help is truly appreciated, in any shape or form – from tips to pull requests.
Why don't you join the forums to discuss?

Further Information:
* Offsec – Kali Linux in the Windows App Store
* MSDN – Windows Subsystem for Linux Overview

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Sunday, May 28, 2023

CEH: Identifying Services & Scanning Ports | Gathering Network And Host Information | NMAP

Network Mapping (NMAP)

Types Of NMAP Scan

All NMAP Commands

How to Scan

nmap 192.168.2.1 –sT

nmap -sT 192.168.2.1

Voodoo-Kali - Kali Linux Desktop On Windows 10

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